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What was java like in the early 1800s?

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It's for an S + E assignment. You have to give reasons why a convict would want to to escape from Australia to Java. Ignore the fact that back in those days a aussie convict probably wouldn't have even heard of java.

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Java, being the most populated island and most advanced in the archipelago and among the closest islands to Australia, might have been the reason why some convicts prefer to escape to the island of Java.

FYR. At that period, Java was under the Dutch colonialism with the city of Batavia (now Jakarta) as the capital city. In Central Java there were 2 sultanates, Surakarta (Solo) & Ngayogyakarta (Yogyakarta) as the result of the division of the 2nd Kingdom of Mataram by the Dutch's devide et impera policy. The rest of the island was still thick with jungles and paddy fields. Source(s): http://www.indonesia-tourism.com/java/in...
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/java#muslim...
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My guess is that it was mainly dense jungles and lots of wildlife, with small villages mainly near the waterways. Also it must have been very hot and humid.

I'm not sure what's an "S + E" assignment. I guess a convict would like to go there because they can start over and avoid a miserable sentence.
The compilers were made out of wood and the virtual machines were nothing but an abacus. Sorry, couldn't help a nerdish joke:)
maybe because they would die in Australia because its mostly a dessert while they would survive in Indonesia because of it's Lush Rich Rainforest?
I guess is more to economic and freedom reason. Java was already pretty busy in that time.

Batavia (Now is Jakarta) as one of the busiest port in the world might make Java more developed than the other area surrounding it, even new cities such us Bandung was formed in that era.

Many people from different parts of the world including European (Java that time under Dutch Colonialism more know as VOC), Gujarat (Middle East), Chinese etc., become a local citizen. So the society was open to new peoples and they also closer to the port when they could travel to all around the world.
java in the early 1800s is very beautiful. more beutiful than now. java is still "virgin" at that time. there were so many kingdoms. buddish/hindush kingdom, moslem kingdom, etc. sometimes many kingdom war to get other land for their kingdom. i was born in java. i'm the trully javanese. if i tell you completely about javanese, its need a hundred years. java has so many history until now.